Breaking Into Hollywood - How Much Should I Ask People to Pay Me? by Donna Michelle Anderson

If you're starting out or moving up in the entertainment industry, knowing what pay rate to ask for is particularly hard, so here are some guidelines to go by.

In general, it's very important not to sell yourself too short OR price yourself too high. What determines this is not just the "market rate" for the services you're delivering. When you're setting your fee for a job, take the following into consideration - every time:

RATE "CALCULATOR"

1) What the market rate range is for the gig;

2) What experience you'll gain;

3) What contacts you bring;

4) What contacts you'll gain;

5) What relationship(s) you'll form with whom;

6) What credit you'll receive;

7) Who is issuing that credit (it matters!);

8) What experience you bring to the table;

9) When you will be paid.

Seems like a lot! Believe it or not, ALL of these are monetized in the entertainment industry. So do that 9-point checklist on every offer and adjust accordingly. Let me quickly break down how to use the list:

1) Market Rate. This is your opening number. You can always start with Guild tables; for screenwriting and teleplays, for example, the Writers Guild posts a Schedule of Minimums for payments. If you AND your potential employers are novices, this quote will probably be too high for you, for the reasons on the rest of the list. So beyond the various guilds and unions for your industry, a great way to research the market rate is to ask someone who recently was promoted past the position you're considering. They'll be happier to quote their former rate than reveal their current one! How to find them? Get online on the industry forums and boards! Join a Yahoo! Group in your field and post away.

2) Potential Experience ("-"). If you'll get important professional experience from the gig, this is worth lowering a quote in negotiations with someone who cannot pay much. The new work experience will help you get better jobs (and pay) as you rise. If the employer is a complete newcomer, however, be realistic about what kind of training you'll actually receive. The key question to ask is, "What are the credits and background of the most experienced person I'll actually be working with?" That will let you know how much you'll learn in the process of doing the job.

3) Your Contacts ("+"). If you are bringing key industry names to the project, and that is part of what you are expected to contribute, that's a bump for your fee.

4) Potential Contacts ("-"). There's nothing worth more money in this business than personal contacts. If you'll walk away with a great database of vendors, staff, crew and other industry contacts you connected with, take that into consideration as you set your price.

5) Potential Relationships ("-"). Beyond contacts, if the gig has you working closely with major players in your field, it's worth flexibility on your fee. This isn't just who will be on set with you. Which legitimate agents, managers, designers, network execs, bookers, casting agents, etc. will be part of the project and seeing you shine? Relationships are worth MORE than money in Hollywood.

6) Your Credit ("-"). If you have to choose between money and a better credit, in the beginning, go for the credit - as long as it is an accurate one! In other words, don't trade a writing credit for a "co-producer" (meaningless) or "producer" credit if you only wrote the script. Your producer credit will be vetted and tossed out in any credit dispute if the project goes anywhere. But if you're working on a TV pilot and they can't pay well, but you can get an Associate Producer rather than a Production Assistant title, that is worth money in the bank on your next job. So work with them on your fee.

7) The Credit Source ("-"). A credit only means as much as the person who gives it to you. If a major company offers you a lesser credit, don't dismiss it outright. That company's good reputation and position in the industry might give you more heat when you go to your next gig - and it certainly can open that next door a lot faster.

8) Your Experience ("-"). If you're new in the game, this is where you'll potentially shave quite a bit off of your quote, and that's a wide open range. If you'll be working for an established company, there still are minimum expectations for rates (again, check with outside people at the level above where you're being hired). Established companies are offsetting the lower rate with a list of career and future financial benefits. Newcomers are not. So if you are providing a real product or service to a fellow industry newbie, you must be paid for it. And not on the "back-end" (where unicorns and Bigfoot and other myths live)!

A producer who can't shoot a film without your script...can't shoot a film WITH your script - because they don't have money. It costs money to make a movie, and part of that should go to compensating the writer, especially since, unlike the crew, you are getting no other tangible experience in the process, and your writing credit will be skeptically received on an indie film that never saw the light of day. But if you've never had a script produced or done a modeling shoot or been in a play, and a newcomer wants to hire you, don't even think about holding fast to union minimums. Work with them on a fee or some tradeoffs, per the list above and the tip that follows.

9) The Pay Date ("+"). The later someone is going to pay you for your work, the more you can bump (slightly increase) your fee. Almost everyone reading this has been approached by someone who wants them to do work for free (on "spec"), with promises of payment "on the back end." That's meaningless because you're pretty much never going to see a back-end payment (it's possible; just not likely!). So here's a rule. If you are doing physical work for someone (writing a script, walking a runway, doing a photo shoot), you must arrange to get physical "payment," of some sort, when you do the work.

If the employer is an established company and you are a working professional, do not do spec work for them. Once you do it for free, you will always be expected to do it for free - or at least for too little. Thank them for the offer of employment, let them know you don't work for spec but are excited to work with them, then work out a deal memo through your lawyer, offering them an introductory fee for this first project and establishing a minimum "floor" for any projects that follow. Established companies are never shocked to talk to lawyers (that's how we do things in Hollywood), and they are more than used to paying for people's work.

Newbie employers can offer you "deferred payment" - but also request a guaranteed in-kind benefit you can leave that gig with (and sign that in a deal memo, too). If you're doing a fashion show for someone, ask them if they will at least hire a professional digital photographer (or let you bring one) so you can get shots (free clothes aren't enough - those won't get you your next gig!). Ask the designer to alert the photographer that you'll be bringing a laptop or memory stick to download your images before you leave, and bring a thank you note and truffle for the photographer. If you're writing the script for someone's film, ask them to buy a copy of professional screenwriting software and turn over one of their access codes to you. Work with strapped newbie employers to see what they can offer you in exchange for your labor - since they're not offering you entrée to the contacts, relationships and respected credits that would otherwise make a lower rate worth it.

ONE LAST WORD. As you work more steadily in this industry, your "rate" transforms into your "quote." Your ""quote" is what you were paid on your most recent gig(s), and it's the magic number everyone expects to pay you on your next gig. So once you begin working more steadily, you must be very protective of your quote, regardless of the additional benefits a certain gig would offer. Be particularly wary of being asked to accept a lower rate in exchange for a higher credit because that sets a ridiculously low quote for your new credit level. Sounds pretty sticky and uncomfortable? That's why people have agents.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR
DMA is a former film story analyst, international runway model and stage performer who is now the executive producer of Tidal Wave TV, a new media and reality TV production company in Los Angeles. Learn how to sell a screenplay or sell a reality show from DMA's industry guides: "The 1-3-5 Story Structure Made Simple System: The Nine Essential Elements of a Sellable Screenplay" and "The Show Starter Reality TV Made Simple System: Ten Steps to Creating and Pitching a Sellable Reality Show."

For DMA's national speaking schedule and more insider resources for breaking into Hollywood, please visit Planet DMA. It is our goal to mentor you through your career in the entertainment industry!

The Inciting Incident and Plot Point I: Understand the Difference by M.d. Tabish Faraz

As many of you know, a screenplay is broadly divided into three acts:

1. The beginning (Setup) that is 22 to 30 pages long,
2. Middle (confrontation or conflict) that is about 60 pages long, and
3. End (Resolution) that is about 25 to 30 pages long.

But what most fresh screenwriters don't seem to understand correctly and make a technical mistake in is the first act (the beginning or the setup) where their writing indicates their misunderstanding of the difference between the inciting incident and plot point I, the two major highs in the first act.

Let's have a look at the definitions in order to make it easy for us to properly differentiate between the two screenplay elements and consequently be able to write Act I of our screenplays in the most effective way possible:

What is the Inciting Incident?

An inciting incident is the event that throws the everyday life of the protagonist out of balance. The event;

* must NOT has to do anything with the will of the protagonist,

* doesn't necessarily have to be the reaction of something the protagonist did at the start of the screenplay, and

* must NOT be the reaction of something the protagonist did in his life that existed before the start of the screenplay.

What is the Plot Point I?

Plot point I or the first turning point in a screenplay is the event that takes place either by the will of the protagonist himself or without his will and forces his circumstances to a whole new direction. The plot point I is the result of the inciting incident.

The above definitions of the two elements of Act I may make you think that the inciting incident is the biggest thing that occurs in Act I. If it is indeed the case, you are actually disagreeing with the screenwriting coaches who teach in screenwriting academic programs and those screenwriting experts who have written and published books on screenwriting as those screenwriting courses and books which talk about plot point I in details maintain that the plot point I is the most biggest thing that happens in Act I. And you know what? They are absolutely right.

Let me explain it to you.

Regardless of which one of the two appears to be the biggest event in Act I, it will remain the fact that plot point I is the biggest one of the two because it is the plot point I that turns the story into a whole new, more conflicting and progressive direction. Moreover, the inciting incident complements the plot point I and the case is not the opposite. In this regard plot point I is taken into consideration as the biggest event of Act I among Hollywood professionals.

Now that you are aware of the difference between the inciting incident and plot point I, it's time now to start writing. So do it!


M.d Tabish Faraz is a freelance screenwriter, creative web content writer, article writer, and copywriter
http://writertabish.blogspot.com/
http://writers.net/writers/35682/

Why you Should Learn to Love the Logline by Jeff Bollow

When I was a frustrated, struggling writer, I used to believe there was something wrong with the system. How was anyone with talent supposed to break in, if the people within the system made it virtually impossible to get noticed?

Take this ridiculous idea of LOGLINES.

Am I really supposed to be able to encapsulate my entire kick-ass, finely-detailed, one-hundred-page screenplay in TWO SENTENCES?! That's got to be the most ridiculous thing I'd ever heard. Impossible. Stupid. Narrow-minded. No matter WHAT I came up with, it could never truly reflect the richness of my words. Those producers are closing their minds to the more complex and valuable material, I assumed.

And then I started looking for screenplays to produce.

Being the enlightened one, I accepted any and all unsolicited screenplays through the Embryo films website. But a funny thing happened.

We got inundated.

And when I say inundated, I don't mean we were swamped with hundreds of thousands of screenplays. No. There just aren't that many people in Australia writing screenplays. We were inundated with about a hundred and fifty.

But, being a writer myself (and knowing how much effort you put into it), I didn't want to just reject screenplays out of hand. So I made a policy of reading everything that came in -- or at least of giving it a genuinely "fair go".

After about a month, I was so hopelessly behind, that I would never catch up. They were coming in faster than I could keep up. Within six months, I was sure I was being voodoo cursed by a couple hundred writers out there.

See, it takes about an hour and a half to properly read a correctly-formatted screenplay. And even if you've got a lot of time on your hands (which I didn't), you still can't read more than, say, 10 or 20 scripts in a week. Not if you're trying to seriously consider them for production. And as soon as you have ANYTHING going on in your life, you're lucky to get through 5 or 6 of them.

Eventually, I was consumed with guilt. Not getting back to writers who had submitted their screenplays made me just as wicked and evil as every other producer that had never gotten back to me. Skimming scripts to "get a feel for it" was going against what I claimed made me different. The mountain of scripts (okay, call it a "stack", but emotionally, it was a mountain) became overwhelming.

There had to be a better way.

Ironically, I found it. It's called a LOGLINE.

Turns out, there's a reason things are done the way they've been done for decades. (Funny that.)

A compelling logline does several things at the same time, and as a writer, you need to understand these points:

1) IT SAVES THE PRODUCER'S TIME.
And let's face it, if I spend all my time reading screenplays, I don't spend much time producing. If I make the decision about what to READ merely by looking at the logline, I can spend the time reading only those projects that fit the parameters of what I'm looking for. If you've written an amazing fantasy drama, and I'm really looking for a comedy, I helps us quickly determine we're not a match on this particular project. (It's a time-management thing, not a judgment on your writing.)

2) IT DEMONSTRATES THE MARKETING ANGLE.
A perpetual problem producers face is that they need to find money in order to make their films. If I can't imagine how I would sell the film, I'm not going to be very confident when approaching investors or distributors. By sending me a compelling logline, you're helping make my life easier, which in turns makes me want to work with you.

3) IT PULLS THEM IN.
Let's face it, which script would YOU rather read -- one whose concept is vague, generic, and run-of-the-mill (something you've seen a thousand times)? Or one that, upon reading it for the very first time, gets your mind racing, imagining possibilities, and excited about what that film could become? Well, I'm no different. I want life to be as exciting as possible, too.

4) IT LETS THEM KNOW YOU'RE A PROFESSIONAL.
Now this one I didn't realize until I'd seen enough proof of it. But I discovered something a few years ago -- that a professional screenwriter (or at least someone capable of writing professional caliber material) is GOOD WITH WORDS. Seems obvious, doesn't it? Well, it's not. As anyone who's read more than 30 or 40 unproduced screenplays can tell you, you pretty much know by the end of page 5 whether or not the writer knows what they're doing. What I've discovered is that you REALLY know after just the logline. If you can't grab me in two sentences, why should I believe you'll grab me in a few thousand?

So, in short, loglines are NOT the enemy.

In fact, crafting a powerful logline will help you exercise the very same skills that will help you craft a powerful screenplay.

And when you send off that logline, you should KNOW what reaction I'm going to have when I read it. When you can do that, you won't find every producer requesting your screenplay. But you WILL find the right ones.

Keep on writing!

Jeff Bollow is an award-winning filmmaker, acclaimed screenwriting teacher, founder of Screenplay.com.au, and best-selling author of Writing FAST: How to Write Anything with Lightning Speed, available through writingFAST.com and Amazon.com.